Steps to Drawing Lewis Dot Structures...
Determine the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. (Valence electrons)
Write the element symbol of the atom.
Place dots around the symbol--one each for every valence electron. There is a pattern!
Lewis Dot Structures…
Patterns of Valence Electrons
Family Dots/# Valence Electrons
1 (Alkali Metals) 1
2 (Alkaline Earth Metals) 2
13 3
14 4
15 5
16 6
17 (Halogens) 7
18 (Noble Gases) 8 (Stable Octet)
Octet Rule...
Atoms seek to have their outer energy levels filled with electrons.
There should be 8 of them!
Called the octet rule!
If there aren’t 8 valence electrons, atoms can join together in chemical bonds!
Practice Problems:
Write down the number of valence electrons & draw the Lewis Dot Structures for each of the following:
Ca K B P Cl N
Oxidation Numbers….
Want to gain or lose electrons to obtain a stable octet!
Either want NO valence electrons or want 8 valence electrons
Lewis Dot Structures & Oxidation Numbers….
Draw the Lewis Dot Structures for each of the following:
Ba H P Se Br Ar He Sn I Rb Ga F Kr Li
Lewis Dot Structures & Oxidation Numbers....
Determine how many valence electrons each element will gain or lose to become a stable octet.
Ba H P Se Br Ar He Sn I Rb Ga F Kr Li